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Keltic Seafaring
By Robert Bruce Baird, Fri Dec 9th
Many academics are unable to handle the possibility of shipsthat travelled the oceans as long ago as the Franchithi Cavesdig that showed 13,000 B.C. community fishing fleets. It evenwas hard for most to accept the Kelts at the time of Caesar hadthis technology at that time despite the words of Caesar. Somepeople think knowledge once gained is never lost but that is farfrom true. Barry Fell was a Harvard Professor of Oceanographybefore he got the bug to expose the truth. Some (Like Wiseman inArchaeology Magazine of ‘Camelot in Kentucky’ article from 2001)ridicule Fell as "self-taught" in matters such as Ogham. Truthis, Fell took one of the only small courses available at thetime from Edinburgh University. Who can really learn the truthfrom academics that hide it? His name was made dirt by academicsbut his legacy from America B.C and Bronze Age America has beensweet vindication. Here is a little of the story of histravails, which is presented for more reason than just theobvious need to reinforce on the existence and loss of Kelticseacraft technology. The rise and fall of Celtic sea power hasbeen strangely neglected {Although the movie Spartacusshows Kirk Douglas arranging passage to Italy from theKelts[Silesians and Galatians are Kelts back to the time ofPunt] who ruled the Sea.} by most historians and archaeologistsas to prompt much skepticism when first I began to report Celticinscription in America. I can't say I've ever heard that theCelts were seafarers, was a typical comment. Those whorecall that Julius Caesar described the Britons as mostly nakedsavages, wearing only iron torques about their necks, {Atorquetum or tanawa is an ancient sextant known to have existedin this period as Maui navigated for a well known Greek and wasable to calculate longitude.} sometimes with the skin of a beastcast over the shoulders, think of the Britons as having nothingbetter than one-man coracles for crossing water. Nothing couldbe further from the truth. In fact, most of Book III of Caesar'sDe Bello Gallico is devoted to the greatest naval battlehe was ever called upon to mount. And his adversaries? Noneother than the Celts of Brittany, whose fleet was swelled by thearrival of a flotilla they had summoned from their allies inBritain! The combined Gallic and British naval armamentcomprised an immensely powerful force, numbering, so Caesartells us, no less than 220 ships, all larger than and superiorin construction to those of the opposing Roman navy underAdmiral Brutus. These Celtic ships, Caesar says, were so soundlyconstructed that they could outride tempestuous or contrarywinds upon the very ocean itself without sustaining injury ('DeBello Gallico', books III,XIII,I.). It is clear that these finevessels, which towered over the Roman galleys, had thecapability of crossing the Atlantic Ocean 'vasto atque apertomari', upon the vast open sea,< as Caesar indicates."(2) Doesit cross your mind that these ships were in fact employed insuch voyages to the Americas? Why had Caesar never seen theirlike before? The wind went down and the Roman galleys threwgrappling hooks into the Celtic rigging and sails then boardedthem. Caesar made a deal (as was his wont) with the cousins ofhis ancestors who were not in control of all. He gave them fullcitizenship of Rome, which they in fact had established afterdefeating the Tarquin kings of Etruria. Thus the nature ofCatholicism and the Anglican church has a long and sordid pastassociation, as they outlawed the Druids and put a bounty ontheir heads. Can you see why we think the Toltecs or others inAmerica might have Druidic roots? There is no further mention ofBritish or Gaulish naval vessels in Caesar's commentaries, nordoes Tacitus in the century that followed give any space orconsideration to native naval might. It seems that the battleagainst the Veneti was the end of Celtic sea power in classicaltimes. Except for the periodic truculence by British chiefs likeQueen Boadicaea. NORMAN TOTTEN: - “The Eye of God and the AgriculturalGrid By Norman Totten Bentley College, Waltham, Massachusetts Impetus for this kind of research was the need to understand the“atna-kuna” motif so prevalent in Celtic New England and Iberia,and frequently associated with the “eye of Bel”. James Whittallhas been locating examples of it in Portugal and Spain. Fell,Dix, and Oedel have recently published observations about it.
This presentation is limited to what seems to be the twopredominant symbolic forms of the sun and earth in ancientinscriptions - - the eye of the sun god and the cultivated fieldgrid. Both have occurred in numerous varieties, visually andphonetically. This paper should be read as a progress report,incomplete in its consideration and somewhat tentative in itsconclusions regarding a vast and complex problem. I. Morphology and Dissemination: Eye of the Sun Though he later equivocated about which direction the evolutionhad occurred, Sir Arthur Evans (1984, p. 303) set forth thebasic forms of the eye of Ra - - from one complete with lashes(rays) to a circle (pupil) enclosing a smaller circle or dot(iris).” (6) This is important to understanding the worldwide cultures andthe elite corporate traders. The circle with a dot is the Markof Qayin or Cain (Gardner’s Genesis of the Grail Kings and othersources) and as such it is the adept cartouche or signifyingtoken for the family of Jesus and the ‘arch-tectons’(Septuagint) of the Great Pyramid. In ‘Bel’ we have the Keltic God as well as the Mesopotamian(later) God. To find them so closely associated or connected inthe Iberias that now carry names like Spain, Ireland and NorthAmerica adds a great additional clue to the Tartessian (sourceof the ‘Biblical Ships of Tarshis’) sites being excavated orstudied in Anatolia and Portugal. They all start with Iberia inthe Caspian and the Black Sea region that is the genetichomeland of the Kelts some 30-35,000 years ago. Because we cangenetically and forensically trace and track these people andmarry them to dateable artifacts we have a credible historyuntainted by kingly or priestly power mongers. Another ESOP excerpt from the work of Totten deals with Moroccanmonastics exiled to America in the 5th Century AD. “In Figuigthe monks were solitary (monachos), but in communal life (KoinosBios) of brothers (fratres), a friary. Their form of testifying(martyrium) under persecution was not death in an arena for thepleasure of pagan spectators but exile, exile to the wildernessof America.” (7) TERRACOTTA HEAD OF A ROMAN IN MEXICO: - "This year,Scandinavians celebrate the 1,000 years since Leif Ericssonsailed to the New World from Greenland. Bjarni Herjolfsson wassupposedly the first to step ashore on the New World. Historianshave long believed that Ericsson's colony at L'Anse
aux Meadows,on the northern-most tip of Newfoundland, represented the firstevidence of Europeans on the continent {When Farley Mowat wroteabout it in 'Westviking' he was ridiculed.}. However, a widevariety of archaeological evidence points to earlier contact. A black terracotta head of a bearded man, about 2 in (5cm) tall,found in the Toluca Valley about 40 miles (64km) west of MexicoCity in 1933 and dated by thermoluminescence to about 200 AD,could be the first reliable proof that Roman sailors reachedAmerica. It is different in style from any other knownpre-Columbian artwork and has been identified as Roman by artexperts. Although much was written about the head since itsdiscovery, its whereabouts were unknown until 1994, when it wasfound locked away in a Mexico City museum by a US anthropologistappropriately named Dr Roman Hristov. A review of the circumstances surrounding the head's discoveryconfirmed it was placed in its burial ground no later than 1510- a decade before the Spanish arrived in Meso-America.Crucially, the head was excavated from the site byprofessionals, said David Kelley, an archaeologist at theUniversity of Calgary, in Alberta {Professor Emeritus} Canada.'This was sealed under three floors, it’s as close toarchaeological certainty as you can get.' {Emphasis and N.B.} Archaeologist David Grove, of the University of Illinois, agreedthat the head was Roman, but pointed out that there was noevidence of Roman influence on pre-Columbian cultures. Hesuggested that the head could have been washed ashore from aRoman shipwreck in the Gulf of Mexico. Even so, there seems nodenying that Roman sailors had reached American waters. 'AncientMesoamerica, v.10, p.207; Scotsman, Guardian, D. Mail, 10 Feb;New Scientist, 12 Feb 2000.' Mark McManamin, professor of geography and geology at MountHolyoke College, Massachusetts, is convinced that theCarthaginians discovered America between 350 and 320 BC. In arecent issue of 'The Numismatic' magazine, and at a meeting ofthe American Friends of Tunisia Association in May 1999, heinterpreted a series of puzzling gold coins of that period asdepictions of the known world, including a land mass to the westof Spain. Experts on ancient trade routes believe that theCarthaginians almost certainly reached the coast of Brazil,where Punic amphorae (containing olive oil and wine) have beenfound; and Punic coins of the 4th century BC have been excavatedat seven sites in the eastern United States, unfortunately notspecified in our source ('Jeune Afrique’, Paris,7, 1 Sept 1999). According to the Xinhua Chinese press agency last August,similarities between nearly 300 markings found on pottery, jadeand stone at unspecified ancient native sites in central Americaclosely resemble 3,000-year-old Shang dynasty characters for thesun, sky, rain, water, crops, trees and stars inscribed onanimal bones or tortoise shells, known as Jiaguwen. American andChinese pictographs in 56 matching sets were shown to senioracademics at a symposium in Anyang, former capital of the Shangdynasty. These impressive similarities add fuel to theories that Chinesearrived in the Americas before the end of the Shang dynasty in221 BC. Shang legends state that a king led his people on ajourney to the east, with some scholars believing that it tookthem across the Bering Strait to North America. The Chineseclassic, the 'Shan Hai King' of about 2250 BC, contains whatseems to be an accurate description of the Grand Canyon. {Wehave articles describing a massive complex being found dug intothe walls of the Grand Canyon at a significant height up fromwhere the river now flows. Pictures of a Buddha-like statue thatis a lotus god from Egypt are in the article. The US governmentput it off limits after the Smithsonian went and made a reportverifying an earlier report from credible people early in the20th century. You can't get to the area any easy way, even ifyou wanted to go behind the officials. The Grand Canyon was oneof my accounts when I worked in the area.} Peanuts and maizehave been found at ancient Chinese sites dating back to 3000 BC.The orthodox view is that neither of these plants left theirnative America before their export by European colonists in the16th century AD. In AD 499, a Chinese Buddhist monk, Hui Shen, returned to Chinaclaiming to have spent 40 years in the land of Fu Sang. He lefta record of the country he visited, which has been recorded inofficial histories - a land thought by some modern scholars tobe ancient Mexico. Then there is the 3,000-year-old pottery found on the Valdiviancoast of Ecuador, decorated and incised in exactly the same wayas pottery from the Jomon area of Japan {We touched on theCanadian Museum of Civilization and a lie saying there wasevidence of earlier local industry.}, and not preceded inEcuador by plainer and simpler bowls and urns, 'National Post(Toronto), 27 Aug; D. Telegraph, 28 Aug 1999'. The maverickhistorian Farley Mowat recently brought out 'The Farfarers:Before the Norse', in which he argues that the first Europeansto reach America were 'Albans' {A site in central America has asimilar name.} who set off from the north of Scotland in the 8thcentury AD in search of walrus ivory (for centuries consideredmore valuable than gold), sailing from Iceland to Greenland andnorthern Labrador. The 78-year-old kilted Canadian author {Whomy oldest brother's first wife's father spent two years with asa missionary in the Arctic.} maintains that the remains of longhouses far above the tree-line in northern Quebec were built bythese immigrants {Yet I've read articles saying Mowat has nofirst hand experience and other stupid remarks about aneminently honest person who has nothing but disdain for mostacademics.}. His 36 books on the life, history and ecology ofNorth America have sold 15 million copies, and he shrugs off thescorn of conventional historians. 'Times, 9 Nov. 1999. For ageneral round up of pre-Columbian discovery-of-America claims,see FT61:26-28.’” (3) My first-hand viewing of many sculpted or cast heads at theVillas Archaeologique and the fresco of blond warriors at theTemple of Warriors there (Chichen Itza) is just one of athousand other factual things you'll see in this encyclopedia.Botany brings the American sweet potato that convinced naysayers in that discipline, which had been insistent they wereright. Sociologists, geologists and map makers as well ashistorians and oceanographers and physicists are all included asevery possible area of study has good evidence the liars hadgood reason to hide their true purposes from people they soughtto abuse. Liars is a very kind word, and it was quitegracious of the Amerindians to say the white man spoke with atongue that is forked.
About the author:A fool thinks he is a wise man, a wise man knows he is a fool.World-Mysteries.com guest expert Columnist at The ES PressMagazine
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