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Cset English Class Puritanism And Early American Literature
By Peter Lorison
American literature relates to handwriting or literature produced in the area of the U.S.A.
In its early history, America was an assortment of Great Britain settlements on the east coast of the United States of America. Thence, its literary origin starts out as linked to the encompassing custom of English literature. Notwithstanding, distinctive American qualities and the richness of its production now cause it to be categorized as a distinct route and custom.
Puritanism
Two Crucial New England Colonies:
Plymouth Colony
Flagship Mayflower comes in 1620
Leader - William Bradford
Settlers known as Separatists and Pilgrims
The Mayflower Compact provides for economic, social, and religious freedom, while preserving connections to England.
Massachusetts Colony
Arbella comes in 1630
Leader - John Winthrop
Settlers are for the most part Puritans
The Arbella Covenant distinctly provides for a religious and theocratic settlement, without ties to England.
Puritan Beliefs
Complete Corruption - with the fall of Adam and Eve every person is sinful - concept of First Sin.
Blunt Choice - God redeems those He desires - only some are picked for salvation - concept of predestination.
Narrow Expiation - Jesus died for the elected alone, not for everyone.
Irresistible Grace - The Lord's grace is given freely, it is not attained. Grace is explained as the saving and transfiguring power of God.
Backsliding - The opinion that saved worshippers, those with seeable signs of grace, can go down into temptation and become sinners. To stop this from happening, followers were expected not to become self-satisfied, engage in constant soul-searching, and constant prayer. Satan was particularly intent in snaring such believers.
The Function of Puritan Authors
To aggrandize God.
To metamorphose a mysterious God - mysterious because He is distinct from the world.
To profess God more relevant to the cosmos.
Puritan Writing Style
Puritan writing mirrored the roles and setting of the reading populace, which was literate and well-schooled in theology.
Protestant - strive against ornateness; reverence of the Bible.
A Few Famous Puritan Authors
William Bradford (March 19, 1590 – May 9, 1657) was a leader of the separatist colonists of the Plymouth Colony in Massachusetts, and was picked 30 times to be the Governor. William was the primary architect of the Mayflower Compact. He is credited as the first to announce what modern American culture now views as the first Thanksgiving.
Anne Bradstreet (1612 – September 16, 1672) was the first American female writer to get her works published. Much of Anne's poems are based on reflection of the world around her, focusing primarily on housewifely and religious motifs. Long considered mostly of historical interest,
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she won critical acceptance in the 20th century as a writer of imperishable verse, specially for her sequence of religious poems called "Contemplations", which was written for her family and not published until the mid-19th century.
Captain John Smith (1580 – June 21, 1631), was an English sailor, soldier, and author. He is remembered for his part in establishing the first permanent English colony in North America at Jamestown, Virginia, and his brief encounter with the Native American girl Pocahontas during an altercation with her father Chief Powhatan of the Powhatan Confederacy. John Smith's books were as significant as his actions, for they inspired more English men and women to start a new and better life in the New World. John gave the name New England to that region, and inspired people with the famous words, "Here every man may be master and owner of his owne labour and land...If he have nothing but his hands, he may...by industrie quickly grow rich." It was a mighty sentence, which pulled in millions of people to America over the next four centuries.
Samuel Sewall (March 28, 1652 - January 1, 1730), was a Massachusetts judge, legendary for his involvement in the Salem Witch Trials, for which he later apologized, and his denouncement of slavery in "The Selling of Joseph".
Michael Wigglesworth (October 18, 1631 - June 10, 1705) was a Puritan minister and poet writer whose "The Day of Doom" was a best seller in early New England. Michael Wigglesworth believed that he was basically not holy enough to believe in God as a result of merely being human. When he experienced a series of nocturnal emissions as a young man, he was thenceforth confident of his own damnation. Through his diaries, he recounts his battle to remain good and pure, despite repeatedly reverting into what he saw as man's instinctive turpitude.
This article is an excerpt from ACE the CSET English study guide and online course. In the class, we study all 13 authors of the Puritan period and continue on through the late twentieth century postmodernism literary period. The CSET English class has computer generated chronology, fill-in, and matching exercises that enable you to rapidly memorize the information you need to pass the American literature section of the CSET English exam.
This helpful free article is provided to students by ACE the CSET. Visit our website for more information and thank you for your continued support. Article Source: Article Beam - a service of A1 Web Server Web Hosting Peter Lorison is a test expert and critic for ACE the CSET English which is the best way to ace the CSET English examination.
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